Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid Dan Metode Hermeneutiknya Terhadap Al-Quran: Suatu Tinjauan

Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid and His Hermeneutical Method toward the Qur’an: A Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid is a contemporary Islamic thinker widely known for his critical and hermeneutical approach to the Qur’an. He emphasizes that the Qur’an should not be understood merely as a static sacred text, but also as a product of interaction between divine revelation and the socio-cultural reality of human society. Through linguistic and historical approaches, Abu Zaid opens space for contextual interpretations that are relevant to the changing conditions of time. His ideas have generated considerable controversy within the Muslim world, as they are perceived to be in conflict with traditional theological understandings in Islam. Nevertheless, Abu Zaid’s thought has contributed significantly to the development of modern Islamic studies, particularly among modernist and pluralist circles, by promoting intellectual freedom, plurality of interpretation, and dialogue between religious texts and contemporary social realities. However, the implications of his methodological approach and writings on the Qur’an have also spread widely and have caused confusion among segments of the Muslim community, to the extent that such works should not be read indiscriminately by the general public.

Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd merupakan seorang pemikir Islam kontemporari yang terkenal melalui pendekatan kritis dan hermeneutiknya terhadap al-Qur’an. Beliau menekankan bahwa al-Qur’an bukan hanya difahami sebagai teks suci yang bersifat statik sahaja, tetapi juga sebagai produk interaksi antara wahyu dan realiti sosial budaya manusia. Melalui pendekatan linguistik dan histori, Abu Zaid berupaya
membuka ruang pentafsiran yang kontekstual dan relevan dengan perkembangan zaman. Gagasan ideanya ini menjadi kontroversi di dunia Islam, kerana dianggap bertentangan dengan pemahaman teologi tradisional dalam ajaran Islam. Namun demikian, pemikiran Abu Zaid memberikan sumbangan penting dalam potensi kajian penyelidikan Islam moden khususnya golongan modenis dan pluralis dalam mendorong kebebasan berfikir, pluraliti pentafsiran, dan dialog antara teks agama dengan realiti sosial semasa. Implikasinya metodee pemikiran dan tulisannya terhadap al-Quran telah tersebar dan menimbulkan kekeliruan dikalangan umat Islam yang tidak sepatutnya dibaca oleh masyarakat.